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中文摘要：
基于信息科学的理论，给出供应链需求信息的信息增量与信息价值的定义和度量方法．建立供应链上的一个批发商订货决策模型，揭示了需求信息在订货决策过程中是如何发挥作用，以及批发商的期望收益是如何随之发生变化的．针对均匀分布和正态分布两种典型的需求分布，分析信息对于供应链成员的价值，进而研究需求信息的信息增量与其信息价值之间的关系．公式推导和模拟实验结果都证明需求信息的价值与其信息增量的大小之间存在正相关关系，表明信息增量会影响信息使用者的收益．研究结果也证明对于供应链成员而言很有必要建立一个有效的信息评价体系，通过提高决策信息质量来增加收益．
英文摘要：
The definition and measurement of information increment and information value of demand information in supply chains were given, basing on theory of information science. It showed how a certain piece of demand information took effect in the process of making a decision on order, and how the wholesaler＇s expected income varied with decision changing by establishing an order decision model. The relationship between information increment and information value was studied after analyzing information increment and information value when the actual demand was uniform distribution and normal distribution respectively. The results of equation calculation and simulation experiment prove that there is positive correlation between information increment and information value, and the information increment can influence the information user＇s income. The results of the research also prove that it is very necessary to establish an effective information evaluation system for members in supply chains to increase income by improving the quality of decision information.
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