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中文摘要：
旨在研究基因Ⅶ型新城疫病毒（NDV）对鸭的致病性，以明确鸭在NDV流行病学中的作用。选取2株鸭源基因Ⅶ型NDV流行株，以0．2和0．5mL剂量分别通过滴鼻或肌肉注射对商品鸭进行人工感染试验，同时用0．1mL剂量通过滴鼻感染SPF鸡。SPF鸡用2株NDV攻毒后表现气喘、流涎和排绿色稀粪等症状，并于3～6d100％发病死亡，而鸭用2株NDV攻毒后未见明显发病死亡。SPF鸡攻毒后喉头、泄殖腔棉拭和内脏组织病毒分离率明显高于试验鸭。病理组织学检查发现SPF鸡感染NDV后可见非化脓性脑炎、间质性肾炎和肺炎、明显的消化道和呼吸道炎症，而试验鸭仅呼吸道和消化道组织表现轻度炎症。本研究结果表明2株基因Ⅶ型NDV强毒对鸭无明显致病性，但鸭感染后NDV强毒后可以通过喉头或泄殖腔排毒，因此必须采取有效措施以防止NDV在鸡群和鸭群之间相互传播。
英文摘要：
Two NDV strains isolated in ducks, Duck/China/SD03/2009 and JSD0812, were used to evaluate the pathogenicity of genotype Ⅶ NDV in ducks and the potential role of ducks in the epidemiology of NDV. Eighty 20-day-old ducks and sixteen 50-day-old SPF chickens were inocu- lated with Duck/China/SD03/2009 or JSD0812. Ducks of different groups were challenged with NDV intranasally or intramuscularly at the dose of 0.2 and 0.5 mL, respectively. The SPF chick ens were infected with NDV intranasally at a dose of 0. 1 mL. All of chickens inoculated with NDV had depression, gasping, oral discharges, and greenish-white soft feces and died in 6 days. However, ducks remained clinically normal throughout the study. Viruses were detected more frequently in the swabs and tissues of chickens than ducks. Gross and histologic lesion patterns supported the different clinical outcome. Ducks had slight inflammation mainly in respiratory and digestive tracts, whereas slight nonpurulent encephalitis, tubulointerstitial nephritis, and serious inflammation in respiratory and digestive tracts were detected in chickens. These results showedthat both of the NDV strains are virulent in chickens whereas have no obvious pathogenicity in ducks. However, some measures should be taken to prevent virus transmission between ducks and chickens as viruses were detected in swabs of ducks infected with virulent NDV strains.
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