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鲍氏不动杆菌感染的临床分布特征及耐药性分析

ISSN号：1005-4529
期刊名称：《中华医院感染学杂志》
时间：0
分类：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学;医药卫生—基础医学]
作者机构：[1]烟台海港医院检验科,山东烟台264002, [2]滨州医学院,山东烟台264003
相关基金：烟台市卫生公益性行业科研基金资助项目（200902008）

关键词：鲍氏不动杆菌, 临床分布, 耐药性, Acinetobacter baumanniir Clinical distribution, Drug resistance

中文摘要：

目的了解鲍氏不动杆菌的临床分布特征及其对常用抗菌药物的耐药性，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法对2008年1月-2012年12月临床分离的鲍氏不动杆菌分布特征进行监测，采用法国生物梅里埃公司VITEK-32全自动细菌鉴定仪进行菌株鉴定，采用K—B纸片法进行体外药敏试验，采用WHONET5．4软件进行统计分析。结果2008—2012年共检出鲍氏不动杆菌1165株，鲍氏不动杆菌科室分布以ICU为主，占29．18％，其次为呼吸内科，占25．15％；标本分布以痰液、创口分泌物为主，分别占68．33％和11．50％；药敏结果显示，鲍氏不动杆菌对头孢噻肟、头孢吡肟、头孢他啶、环丙沙星、头孢西丁、庆大霉素、氨曲南和磺胺甲嗯唑／甲氧苄啶的耐药率在60．0％～82．5％，对阿米卡星、左氧氟沙星和哌拉西林／他唑巴坦的耐药率在37．5％～50．5％，对头孢哌酮／舒巴坦和亚胺培南较敏感，耐药率＜25．0％。结论鲍氏不动杆菌耐药率逐年升高，临床应合理使用抗菌药物，减少耐药株的产生。

英文摘要：

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical distribution of Acinetobacter baumannii and the drug resistance to commonly used antibiotics so as to provide guidance for reasonable clinical use of antibiotics. METHODS The distribution of the clinical isolates of A. baumannii isolated from Jan 2008 to Dec 2012 was monitored, then the strains were identified by using the VITEK-32 automatic bacteria identification system of BioM6rieux, France, the in vitro drug susceptibility testing was performed by means of K-B method, and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of WHONET5.4 software. RESULTS A total of 1 165 strains of A. baumannii have been isolated from 2008 to 2012, 29.18% of which were isolated from the ICU, 25.15%from the department of respiratory medicine. Among the isolated A. baumannii, 68. 33% were isolated from the sputum specimens, 11.50% from the wound secretions. The results of the drug susceptibility testing showed that the drug resistance rates of the A. baumannii to cefotaxime, cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, cefoxitin, gentamicin, aztreonam, and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim varied from 60.0% to 82.5%, thedrug resistance rates to amikacin, levofloxacin, and piperacillin-tazobactam varied from 37. 5% to 50. 5%, and the drug resistance rates to cefoperazone-sulbactam and imipenem were less than 25.0%. CONCLUSION The drug resistance rate of the A. baumannii is increased year by years it is necessary to reasonably use antibiotics so as to reduce the drug-resistant strains.

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