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中文摘要：
采用核型分析和 AFLP 技术对真鲷、黑鲷及其杂交子代进行遗传差异分析。结果显示真鲷、黑鲷和杂交子代均含有48条染色体，核型分别为2n＝2st＋46t，NF＝48、2n＝4m＋4sm＋2st＋38t，NF＝56和2n＝30m＋8sm＋2st＋8t＝48，NF＝86，杂交子代核型与其父、母本种均不一致。两对 AFLP 选扩引物组合在真鲷、黑鲷和杂交子代中共扩增到278个条带，其中黑鲷特异性条带93条、真鲷特异性条带108条；杂交子代中分别出现了21条父本种（黑鲷）特异条带和67条母本种（真鲷）特异条带，另出现了15条非双亲条带。杂交子代与真鲷、黑鲷的遗传相似系数和遗传距离分别为0．113、0．350和2．180、1．050，表明杂交子代总体上更偏向于母本种。染色体核型和 AFLP 条带分析结果表明真鲷（♀）＆#215;黑鲷（♂）所获得的杂交子代为含有48条染色体的异源二倍体，且父、母本遗传物质在杂交中发生了部分重组，杂交子代表现出一定的偏母系遗传特性。
英文摘要：
In this paper,the karyotyping analysis and AFLP molecular marker technique were used to analyze the ge-netic differences among Pagrosomus major ,Sparus macrocephalus and the hybrids.The karyotype analysis showed that they all contained 48 chromosomes and the karyotypes were respectively：2n=2st＋46t,NF=48;2n=4m＋4sm＋38t＋2st,NF=56;2n=2st＋8t＋8sm＋30m=48,NF=86.The karyotype of the hybrids was different from maternal and paternal species.AFLP analysis of P.major,S.macrocephalus and the hybrids showed that a total of 278 bands were obtained by 2 primer combinations,including 93 paternal species （S.macrocephalus）specific bands and 108 maternal species （P .major）specific bands.Among these parent specific bands,21 male parent specific bands and 67 female parent specific bands were detected in the hybrids.In addition,there were 15 nonparental bands appeared in the hybrids.Analysis of molecular variance revealed that the Nei＆#39;s unbiased measures of genetic identity were 0.113 between the hybrids and S.macrocephalus and 0.350 between the hybrids and P .major,respectively. The Nei＆#39;s unbiased measures of genetic distance were 2.180 between the hybrids and S.macrocephalus and 1.050 between the hybrids and P .major,respectively.This study indicated that the hybrids of P .major♀ and S.macro-cephalus♂ were heterologous diploid containing 48 chromosomes and the genetic material of maternal and paternal species was partly reorganized during the hybridization and showed a partially maternal hereditary characteristics.
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