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渤海湾地区一次碰撞型海风锋天气过程的数值模拟分析

ISSN号：1006-9585
期刊名称：气候与环境研究
时间：2013.11.11
页码：733-745
分类：P425.41[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]
作者机构：[1]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081, [2]中国科学院大气物理研究所云降水物理和强风暴重点实验室,北京100029, [3]天津市气象台,天津300074
相关基金：资助项目国家科技支撑计划2008BAC37801,国家自然科学基金41075043、40975026,国家重点实验室开放课题2011LASW-A01
相关项目：华北平原地区Beta中尺度暴雨系统形成机理及其结构特征研究

关键词：渤海湾, 碰撞, 海风锋, 数值模拟, Bohai Bay, Collision, Sea breeze front, Numerical simulation

中文摘要：

利用WRF（WeatherResearchandForecasting）模式对渤海湾地区2009年9月26日一次碰撞型海风锋天气过程进行了数值模拟分析，模拟结果较好地重现了这次天气过程以及海风锋的结构和特征。结果显示，海风锋锋后是较为深厚的对流不稳定能量和水汽高值区，锋后水汽高值区的形成源于海风的堆积和往高空输送，而锋后对流不稳定能量的产生归因于抬升凝结高度和自由对流高度的降低以及平衡高度的升高，这些高度变化则源于冷湿海风给低层大气带来的降温和增湿，其中给低层大气带来的增湿是主要影响因子。对流系统与海风锋相向碰撞时，对流系统容易进入海风锋锋后触发强对流不稳定能量形成强对流运动，同时弱对流抑制为对流运动的触发提供了有利的条件，强对流运动把海风锋锋后充沛的水汽往上输送，从而造成强降水天气。另外，对流系统与海风锋碰撺后沿着海风锋锋后移动可能更有利于对流运动的发展和维持。

英文摘要：

A collision-type sea breeze front that occurred in the Bohai Bay region, China on September 26, 2009, is simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting （WRF） model. The process related to this case, and the structure and characteristics of sea breeze front are reproduced successfully by the simulation. The results show that the development of significant and relatively strong convective instability energy and accumulation of ample amount of water vapor are at the back of the sea breeze front. The formation of a huge amount of water vapor can mainly be attributed to the banking and vertical transportation of sea breeze behind the sea breeze front. On the other hand, the large convective instability energy is caused by the lowering of the lifting condensation level and level of free convection, and rising of the equilibrium level, which result from the decrease in temperature and increase in moisture content of the lower atmosphere,caused by the colder and moister sea breeze. Increase in the moisture content is the primary impact factor. The abundant convective instability energy is triggered when the convective system enters into the back of the sea breeze front after colliding with it, leading to a strong convective motion. Meanwhile, weak convective inhibition enhances the occurrence of the convective motion. Vertical transportation of the water vapor formed behind the sea breeze front by the strong convective motion results in heavy precipitation. In addition, development and maintenance of convective motion may be favored when the convective system moves along the back of the sea breeze front after the collision.

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