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中文摘要：
通过分析黄土丘陵沟壑区第一副区、第二副区和水蚀风蚀交错区不同植被坡面土壤的抗剪切力特性,研究植被固土减蚀的力学效应。结果表明,不同植被坡面土壤抗剪强度随垂直压力的增大而呈线性增大,抗剪强度与剪切面上的法向压力成正比,且符合库仑定律;由于根系的固结作用,植被坡面土壤的抗剪强度明显增加,植被坡面的黏聚力和内摩擦角角度大于裸地坡面的黏聚力和内摩擦角角度;不同植被坡面的黏聚力是裸地黏聚力的1.04～2.11倍,不同植被坡面的内摩擦角角度是裸地内摩擦角角度的1.03～1.19倍;不同植被坡面黏聚力与侵蚀产沙量呈显著的负相关关系,随着黏聚力的增大,产沙量呈下降的趋势;不同植被坡面产沙量随径流切应力的增大而增大,具有较好的线性相关关系。在上述分析基础上,建立了临界径流切应力与土壤抗剪强度和黏聚力的关系,从力学层面认识了坡面侵蚀产沙的过程机理。
英文摘要：
Soil shear strength on different vegetation-covered slope on the first and the second sub-regions and water-wind erosion crisscross region in hilly-gully region of loess plateau was analyzed to study the mechanical effects of vegetation on soil conservation and soil erosion reduction.The results showed that soil shear strength increased linearly with the increase of vertical stress on different vegetation-covered slope.Shear strength was proportional to the vertical pressure of shear surface,and it was in accord with Coulomb’s law.Soil shear strength,soil cohesion force and internal friction angle on grass and shrub slope were significantly greater than those of the bare slope due to the role of vegetation on reinforcing soil.Soil cohesion force on grass and shrub slope was 1.04～2.11 times larger than that of the bare slope.Internal friction angle on grass and shrub slope was 1.03～1.19 times larger than that of the bare slope.Cohesive force had a significant negative correlation with sediment yield.The sediment yield showed a decreasing trend with the increase of soil cohesive force.The sediment yield increased with the increase of flow shear stress,and they had a good linear relationship.The relationship between the critical shear stress of runoff and soil shear strength and cohesion was established,which was helpful to study erosion process from mechanical mechanism.
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