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4种大型海藻单养和两两混养条件下生长以及营养盐的吸收利用

ISSN号：1003-6482
期刊名称：《海洋湖沼通报》
时间：0
分类：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]
作者机构：[1]青岛农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山东青岛266009, [2]中国海洋大学海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266100
相关基金：国家自然科学基金资助项目（41521064,41221004,41030858,41320104008）;山东省“泰山学者”建设工程专项经费（JS200510016）;国家海洋局海洋生态环境科学与工程重点实验室开放基金资助项目（MESE-2013-03）;国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室开放基金项目（201306）资助

关键词：大型海藻, 湿重, 相对增长率, 磷酸盐, 硝酸盐, 吸收速率, maeroalgae, fresh weight, relative growth rate, phosphate, nitrate, uptake rate

中文摘要：

近年来海水富营养化导致近海海域大型海藻过量繁殖，为研究大型海藻与营养盐的相互关系，我们采用实验生态学的方法研究了4种大型海藻（孔石莼、小珊瑚藻、缘管浒苔、石花菜）单养和两两混养条件下的生长、营养盐（PO4-P和NO3-N）含量变化以及营养盐吸收利用情况。结果表明，单养条件下，孔石莼的湿重增长最多（46．4％），其相对增长率显著高于缘管浒苔、小珊瑚藻、石花菜。孔石莼＋缘管浒苔、孔石莼＋小珊瑚藻、孔石莼＋石花菜混养体系中，孔石莼的相对增长率显著高于缘管浒苔、小珊瑚藻、石花菜，其他混养体系中两种大型海藻的相对增长率无显著差异。在单养条件下培养10d，海藻对PO4-P、NO3-N的利用率分别以孔石莼（85．4％）、缘管浒苔（72．6％）为最大，而石花菜对两种营养盐的利用率均最小（51．1％和57．1％）。在混养条件下，PO4-P、NO3-N的最高利用率分别出现在孔石莼＋小珊瑚藻（86．3％）和缘管浒苔＋小珊瑚藻（81．7％）体系中。无论单养还是混养，海藻对PO4-P和NO3-N的吸收速率都在第2d达到峰值。因此，大型海藻可以有效地去除营养盐，4种藻中，孔石莼和缘管浒苔分别是去除PO4-P和NO3-N的最佳大型海藻。本研究结果可以为利用大型海藻进行环境污染的治理提供支持。

英文摘要：

Eutrophication of seawater has led to excessive breeding of macroalgae in coastal waters in recent years. In order to evaluate interrelation between macroalgae and nutrient, the growth and the concentration and absorption of nutrient （PO4-P and NO3-N） for four macroalgae （Ulva pertusa, Corallina pilulifera, Enteromorpha linza and Gelidium amansii） were investigated under the conditions of monoculture and polyculture by using the method of experimental ecology. The results showed .that the fresh weight of U. pertusa increased the greatest （46.4%） among the four macroalgae under the condition of monoculture, the relative growth rates of U. pertusa were significantly higher than those of C. piluli f era , E. linza and G. arnansii. Under the polyculture conditions of U. pertusa ＋ E. linza , U. pertusa ＋ C. pilulifera and U. pertusa ＋ G. amansii, the relative growth rates of U. pertusa were significantly higher than those of the other three algae. No significant differences were found between the relative growth rates of two macroalgae among the other polyculture patterns. The utilization rates of PO4-P and NO3-N were the highest for U. pertusa （85.4%） and E. linza （72.6%） on the 10th day, respectively. The lowest utilization rates of PO4-P and NO3-N were for G. amansii（51.1% and 57.1%, respectively） under the condition of monoculture. Under the condition of polyculture, the highest utilization rates of PO4-P and NOa-N occurred in the polyculture of U. pertusa ＋ C. piluli f era （86.3%） and E. linza ＋ C. piluli f era （81.7%）. The uptake rates of PO4-P and NO3-N by macroalgae under the conditions of monoculture or polyculture were all peaked at Day 2. Therefore, macroalgae can remove the nutrient effectively. Among them, U. pertusa and E. Linza were the optimal macroalgae in terms of removing PO4-P and NO3-N. The results can supply support for controlling environmental pollution.

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